Sushi
Next time you're sitting blankly at a sushi train, know your nigiri from your tamagoyaki and oshizushi.
For something that’s essentially fish, rice and vinegar, sushi is a rather complex food. As the chefs who train for ten years to be considered sushi masters will tell you: when it comes to sushi, the flavour is in the detail. From the freshness and cut of the fish to the sweet vinegary taste of the rice, the sharp hint of wasabi, the light swish of the soy, the embodiment of umami — everything matters. It’s no wonder sushi is one of the only foods to have an entire movie based on the quest for sushi perfection.
Jiro Dreams of Sushi may have intrigued folks over the last few years, but with millions around the world eating sushi every day, it’s just a drop in the ocean for sushi enthusiasts. Yet for a food that’s seen folks win Michelin stars (Jiro’s restaurant has three), sushi is remarkably unpretentious — it pairs wonderfully with beer and it’s as happy to be adapted to Californian tastes (surprise, avocado is not a traditional addition) as it is to variations on the more traditional ebi nigiri.
Sushi
Fun Facts about
When the first sushi conveyor belt restaurant opened in Osaka.
The highest price ever paid for a bluefin tuna.
The length of the longest sushi roll ever made.
When International Sushi Day is officially celebrated.
A BITE-SIZED HISTORY OF SUSHI
Sushi has its origins in southeast Asia, where cooked rice, which ferments over time, was used as a way of preserving and pickling fish. Over the centuries, sushi remained a form of preserving fish and it also became a meal in itself, with the pickled fish served alongside fermented rice flavoured with rice vinegar.
Modern sushi started as so many of these things do — with an intrepid street vendor. Hanaya Yohei was the first to place fresh fish from Tokyo Bay — so fresh it didn’t need preserving — on top of vinegary rice and serve it to hungry travellers. Before long, there were sushi carts all over the capital. After the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923, sushi chefs moved indoors to maintain higher health standards, and the upward trend of sushi from street food to Michelin stars began. It wasn’t until Hollywood sushi restaurant Osho became a hit with film stars (namely Yul Brynner) that it hit the mainstream in the west.
THE MANY VARIETIES OF SUSHI
You don’t hang around for over a thousand years without getting a little, well, inventive. From egg custard sushi to the modern variations emerging from America (like rock ‘n’ roll sushi), sushi has come a long way from being a type of pickling. Here’s how to tell the different types of sushi rolling by on the train apart.
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NIGIRI
At its most pure, nigiri is fresh fish placed atop rice. This form of sushi originated in Tokyo in the 19th century when it was sold by street vendors throughout the capital, and is considered the first 'modern' sushi. -
EBI SUSHI
A type of nigiri, ebi is cooked shrimp that has been butterflied (cut down the middle and flattened) and laid on top of a rounded rectangle of sushi rice. -
MAKI
Served sliced into rounds, maki is a long roll of sushi rice wrapped in sheets of nori (seaweed) with fillings in the middle. Often seen in Western sushi, fillings include tuna, avocado, cucumber and chicken. -
INARI
A fried tofu pouch filled with sushi rice. -
TAMAGOYAKI
Making a traditional tamagoyaki is so difficult it brings apprentices to tears. This egg sushi is often the final dish served in a sushi tasting course and functions as a dessert, the egg flavoured by a sweet vinegar or wine. -
CHIRASHI
Similar to a don, chirashi means 'to scatter' and is a bowl of sushi rice scattered with sashimi. It is often made to celebrate the Girls' Day holiday. -
FUTOMAKI
A type of thicker maki cut into longer rolls. The most famous futomaki is the traditional anti-traditional roll that's actually popular in Japan — the California roll. -
NAREZUSHI
Similar to older forms of sushi pre-dating nigiri, in narezushi fish is preserved in fermented rice and then eaten with the rice. -
TEMAKI
A form of maki, a temaki is a cone-shaped roll of nori with the rice and filling in the cone like ice-cream — this needs to be eaten quickly with your hands, before the seaweed gets soggy. -
OSHIZUSHI
Originating in the Kansai region, oshizushi is a traditional type of sushi where the sushi rice and toppings are layered and pressed into a wooden box and then cut into rectangles.
EATING ETIQUETTE
Sushi is a deceptively simple food — it relies on a chef getting the balance of flavour just so. But that simplicity means it has become a battleground of etiquette. Do you use chopsticks or your fingers? Are you allowed to dunk your sushi in soy sauce? Should you ever eat a California roll?
Firstly, you can eat sushi with your fingers — as long as you clean your hands first (did you really need us to tell you that?). High-end sushi joints, like the famous Sukiyabashi Jiro in Tokyo, will provide you with a hot towel at the beginning of your meal. Whether you use chopsticks or your hands, just make sure you don’t squish the sushi rice, which has been perfectly moulded by the chef.
The next step in getting your sushi from plate to mouth is deciding whether to use extra soy sauce. Let us ask you some questions: have you paid over $5 for the piece of sushi in your hands? Are you being served by someone who has trained in sushi for over ten years? If you’ve answered ‘yes’ to any of those questions, put down the soy sauce and don’t even think about wasabi — your sushi chef has already perfectly balanced the flavours on your plate. If you want to be contrary and use soy sauce, make sure you only place it on the fish, not the rice, which will turn into a gluggy mess.
Okay, you’ve navigated through the choppy waters of chopsticks and flavouring — now you just have to work out how to eat the damn thing. Our advice? Eat it in one bite. Go on, just pop it in. Traditional styles of sushi, like nigiri, are designed to be one-bite food. And after you’ve finished your piece of sushi, cleanse your palate with the provided ginger or a swig of your beer, ready for the next round.
A PERFECT COMBINATION
If you’re downing sushi like a pro (read the instructions above), you’ll need a bev to wash it all down. A Kirin Megumi is an obvious choice — the smooth Japanese lager with a floral aroma is designed to go well with seafood, and its crisp taste is perfect for cleansing your palate before each piece of sushi. Little Creatures Pilsner is similarly refreshing, with its crisp bitterness making it a great beer for sushi on the spicier side. And light, easy drinking Hahn SuperDry has a dryness to accompany the umami of your sushi, soy and wasabi sensory overload.
Craving sushi and beer? Get your fix at the Melbourne Night Noodle Markets by Beer The Beautiful Truth from November 9 to 26.
Illustrations: Barry Patenaude.
Images: Kimberley Low.
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